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Niobium (Nb) – Element 41 of the periodic table

Niobium (symbol Nb) is element number 41 of the periodic table and belongs to the “Transition metal” category. Its atomic mass is about 92.906, and its phase under standard conditions is Solid. This element sits in period 5 and group 5 of the periodic table, and its electrons are arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 12, 1. The short electron configuration of Niobium is [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹. Known uses of Niobium include Stainless steel, Superconducting magnets and Jewelry.

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Properties of Niobium

Atomic number
41
Chemical symbol
Nb
Atomic mass
92.906
Category
Transition metal
Period
5
Group
5
Phase
Solid
Protons
41
Electrons
41
Neutrons (approx.)
52
Electron shells
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Outer-shell electrons
1
Discovered
Charles Hatchett (1801)

Electron configuration of Niobium

The electron configuration of Niobium (Nb), with 41 electrons, is shown below. The last shell (shell 5) is highlighted:

Full configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d⁴ 5s¹
Short configuration
[Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹
Last shell
5s¹

What is electron configuration and how is it written?

Electron shells of Niobium

Distribution of 41 electrons of Niobium across shells K to O:

  1. K2
  2. L8
  3. M18
  4. N12
  5. O1

What is a transition metal?

The transition metals are the d-block elements: usually good conductors of heat and electricity, with several oxidation states, and they form colourful compounds and important catalysts.

Uses of Niobium

Frequently asked questions about Niobium

What is the atomic number of Niobium?

The atomic number of Niobium (Nb) is 41; that is, every atom of it has 41 protons.

What is the electron configuration of Niobium?

The electron configuration of Niobium (Nb) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d⁴ 5s¹; in short form it is [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹, and its last shell is 5s¹.

What is the chemical symbol of Niobium?

The chemical symbol of Niobium is Nb.

Where is Niobium located in the periodic table?

Niobium is located in period 5 and group 5 and belongs to the “Transition metal” category.

What is the atomic mass of Niobium?

The atomic mass of Niobium is about 92.906 (atomic mass units).

What is the phase of Niobium under normal conditions?

The phase of Niobium under standard conditions is Solid.

What are the uses of Niobium?

Uses of Niobium include Stainless steel, Superconducting magnets and Jewelry.

Who discovered Niobium?

Niobium was discovered by Charles Hatchett in 1801.

Elements in the same category as Niobium (Transition metal)

Scandium (Sc)Titanium (Ti)Vanadium (V)Chromium (Cr)Manganese (Mn)Iron (Fe)Cobalt (Co)Nickel (Ni)Copper (Cu)Zinc (Zn)Yttrium (Y)Zirconium (Zr)Molybdenum (Mo)Technetium (Tc)Ruthenium (Ru)Rhodium (Rh)Palladium (Pd)Silver (Ag)Cadmium (Cd)Hafnium (Hf)

See all Transition metals

Niobium’s group 5 neighbours

Vanadium (V)Tantalum (Ta)Dubnium (Db)

Group 5 of the periodic table