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Cadmium (Cd) – Element 48 of the periodic table

Cadmium (symbol Cd) is element number 48 of the periodic table and belongs to the “Transition metal” category. Its atomic mass is about 112.41, and its phase under standard conditions is Solid. This element sits in period 5 and group 12 of the periodic table, and its electrons are arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 18, 2. The short electron configuration of Cadmium is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s². Known uses of Cadmium include Nickel-cadmium batteries, Plating and Plastics.

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Properties of Cadmium

Atomic number
48
Chemical symbol
Cd
Atomic mass
112.41
Category
Transition metal
Period
5
Group
12
Phase
Solid
Protons
48
Electrons
48
Neutrons (approx.)
64
Electron shells
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Outer-shell electrons
2
Discovered
Friedrich Stromeyer (1817)

Electron configuration of Cadmium

The electron configuration of Cadmium (Cd), with 48 electrons, is shown below. The last shell (shell 5) is highlighted:

Full configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s²
Short configuration
[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²
Last shell
5s²

What is electron configuration and how is it written?

Electron shells of Cadmium

Distribution of 48 electrons of Cadmium across shells K to O:

  1. K2
  2. L8
  3. M18
  4. N18
  5. O2

What is a transition metal?

The transition metals are the d-block elements: usually good conductors of heat and electricity, with several oxidation states, and they form colourful compounds and important catalysts.

Uses of Cadmium

Frequently asked questions about Cadmium

What is the atomic number of Cadmium?

The atomic number of Cadmium (Cd) is 48; that is, every atom of it has 48 protons.

What is the electron configuration of Cadmium?

The electron configuration of Cadmium (Cd) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s²; in short form it is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s², and its last shell is 5s².

What is the chemical symbol of Cadmium?

The chemical symbol of Cadmium is Cd.

Where is Cadmium located in the periodic table?

Cadmium is located in period 5 and group 12 and belongs to the “Transition metal” category.

What is the atomic mass of Cadmium?

The atomic mass of Cadmium is about 112.41 (atomic mass units).

What is the phase of Cadmium under normal conditions?

The phase of Cadmium under standard conditions is Solid.

What are the uses of Cadmium?

Uses of Cadmium include Nickel-cadmium batteries, Plating and Plastics.

Who discovered Cadmium?

Cadmium was discovered by Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817.

Elements in the same category as Cadmium (Transition metal)

Titanium (Ti)Vanadium (V)Chromium (Cr)Manganese (Mn)Iron (Fe)Cobalt (Co)Nickel (Ni)Copper (Cu)Zinc (Zn)Yttrium (Y)Zirconium (Zr)Niobium (Nb)Molybdenum (Mo)Technetium (Tc)Ruthenium (Ru)Rhodium (Rh)Palladium (Pd)Silver (Ag)Hafnium (Hf)Tantalum (Ta)

See all Transition metals

Cadmium’s group 12 neighbours

Zinc (Zn)Mercury (Hg)Copernicium (Cn)

Group 12 of the periodic table